中庸与华夏文化“一”、“二”、“三”

"极高明而道中庸",是中华民族高度重视实践理性的反映。但是,文化的民族性和时代性等各种因素的耦合,使传统文化具有了复杂性。重视实践理性的民族性和"一"于"道"、"一"于天理、"一"于礼义的封建性在中庸思想里都有典型体现——所谓"叩其两端竭其中",就是这种"一"于"道"的封建性本体论趋向与"叩问"二元的现实实践趋向的多重交叉,形成了"一"中有"二"、"二"中有"一"、以"一"为体、以"二"为用的中庸思想结构。其缺陷是"中"与"庸"即"用"失衡、封建教义与现实实践失衡、封建教义之"一"与现实实践的一定程度的多样性之"二"失衡。我们认为,庞朴先生"中庸"即"三分"的观点,是消解这种"一、二、一"僵化结构的时代性创新,具有实践主义的现实指向。

The Doctrine of the Mean and the "One", "Two", "Tree" of Chinese Culture

"Pursue the priori knowledge,but follow the doctrine of the mean",this is the reflection of Chinese culture attaching great importance to practical reason.But the coupling of culture property of nationality and culture property of times makes the Chinese traditional culture very complicated.In the doctrine of the mean,there is not only the national property of attaching great importance to practical reason,but also feudal property of the oneness with the super-power,i.e.Tao,the feudal justice and the feudal protocol etc.In the "occupying the middle position between two extremes",there is a complicated overlapping of these tendency.In the end,there is a Mean thinking structure of "one" melting with "two".The deflect of this thinking structure is the losing of the equilibrium between the Zhong and the Yong,the feudal doctrine and the realistic practice,the "one" of feudal doctrine and the "two" of realistic practice.We think that Mister Pang Pu's viewpoint that Mean is for trine is a philosophical innovation of times,which has a realistic tendency of practicalism.