中西文化精神及其组织行为理论

近年来,作为组织行为主要部分之一的组织文化日益受到人们的广泛关注。而组织文化中的核心部分乃是文化精神,因此要分析组织文化就势必首先面对文化精神的探讨。如果说中国古代文化更多地彰显出社群主义、德性主义以及人文主义的精神,那么与之对应的西方文化则更多地强调个体主义、理性主义与功利主义的精神。这种文化精神分野的实质乃是追求事实判断的科学主义与追求价值判断的人本主义之分。二者的差异对中西组织行为产生了深远的影响,并由此产生了中西各自不同的组织行为理论。但在新的历史背景下,这两种组织行为理论皆有失之片面之虞。而当代的对话理论则将科学主义思想和人本主义思想有机地结合起来,以卓有成效的一些人的话语取代了少数人的精英式的话语或多数人的民粹式的话语,为未来更为辩证的组织行为理论开辟出一条新的路径。

Chinese and Western Cultural Spirit and the Organizational Behavior Theory

In recent years,as one of the main parts of the organizational culture,organizational behavior has attracted increasing public attention.Cultural spirit is the core of organizational culture.It is necessary,therefore,to deal with the cultural spirit first of all if organizational culture is to be analyzed.If ancient Chinese culture is said to show more about the spirit of the doctrine of community and morality and humanism,the Western culture,correspondingly,imposes more emphasis on the spirit of individualism,rationalism and utilitarianism.The essence of the distinction of the cultural spirit is the difference between scientism to pursue the fact adjustment and humanism to pursue the value judgment.The difference between the two organizational behavior theories has had a far-reaching impact on Chinese and Western organizational behaviors,and then led to the formation of the diverse theories of the Chinese and western organizational behaviors.But on the new historical background,there is anxiety that both of them are one-sided.However,the contemporary dialogue theory combines the thought of scientism and humanism organically to replace the elitist discourse of the minority or the populist discourse of the majority with the discourse of some people with outstanding achievements so as to open up a new path for more dialectic organizational behavior theory in the future.