北极理事会的改革与变迁研究

2011年北极理事会的努克会议是北极治理的里程碑,会议通过了有约束力的《北极搜救协定》,并且对如何北极委员会做了一些初步的实践。北极理事会的发展变迁与改革,是在北极地区自然环境、国际政治环境、北极地区在北极国家国内政治地位等方面的变化过程与压力下实现的。未来北极理事会将朝向"硬法"性、以及加强制度建设等方面发展,但采取更为开放的姿态接纳观察员以应对全球问题对北极地区的挑战是北极理事会改革应有的方向。

Research on Reform and Transformation of the Arctic Council

The Arctic Search and Rescue Agreement,the first binding agreement under the auspices of the Arctic Council,signed by ministers from Arctic Council member states in Nuuk,2011,is a milestone in course of the development in the Arctic Council.At Nuuk conference,the ministers also took some preliminary steps towards the reform of the Council.The reform of the Arctic Council is the result of changes in Arctic natural environment,political environment,and the role of the Arctic region in domestic political status in these states.The future reform of the Arctic Council will focus on "hard law" approach and institutionalization,but will be more open to observer states so as to meet the challenge of global issues that the Arctic region will face.