社会企业公司化及公司法回应

不以营利为目的的公司型社会企业已然存在，而中国公司法上并没有其容身之处。现行公司法以传统商事公司为目标对象，并未将社会企业纳入其规范视野。《民法典》构建的营利与非营利二分法法人体系，将公司性质限制在营利法人范围之内，造成一定程度的法律体系冲突。为了推动高质量发展，为社会企业利用公司框架和市场机制实现社会目的，需要对《民法典》相关条款的文意进行目的解释。公司法修改亦应走出公司是仅以营利为目的，且须遵守股东利益最大化原则的路径依赖。通过提升现有公司法规的包容性，制定专章或专条，将公司型社会企业纳入公司法，建构相应的社会目的实现机制，为社会目的公司高质量发展提供适宜的组织法保障。

Corporatization of Social Enterprises and Corporate Law Response

Non-profit-oriented corporate social enterprises already exist in the ranks of Chinese companies, but there is no place for them in China’s company law. The reason is that the current company law takes traditional commercial companies as the target object and does not include social enterprises in its normative vision. The profit-making and not-for-profit legal person system constructed by the Civil Code limits the nature of a company within the scope of profit-making legal person, resulting in a certain degree of legal system conflict. In order to promote high-quality development, social enterprises need to use corporate framework and market mechanism to achieve social goals; it is necessary to interpret the meaning of relevant provisions of the Civil Code. The amendment of company law should also get rid of the mistaken thinking that the company is only for profit and must abide by the principle of maximizing shareholders' interests. Corporate social enterprises should be incorporated into corporate law and corresponding social purpose realization mechanisms should by enhancing the inclusiveness of existing corporate laws and regulations, formulating special chapter or clauses, to provide appropriate organizational law guarantee for the high-quality development of social purpose company.