行政性垄断的经济分析

从进入壁垒的不同成因对垄断加以分类总结,指出最重要的分类是由市场效率所要求的垄断和由政府干预所造成的行政性垄断。前者因为潜在进入者的进入威胁而成为可竞争市场,这种垄断者并不能像真正的垄断者那样行事;行政性垄断则相反,它把本来是竞争性的领域掩盖成自然垄断领域,而由地方政府干预造成的地区垄断被看作是重复建设和过度竞争的直接原因,认为打破行政性垄断的根本在于转换政府职能、规范政府行为。

Economic Analysis on Administrative Monopoly

This paper tries to classify monopolies according to different entry barriers, and points out that the most important two groups of classifications are the monopolies required by market offi-ciency and the administrative monopolies caused by government intervention. The former group monopolies, because the market tends to be a contestable market for the entry menace of potential en-terers, have to give up most of their supernormal profits, while the administrative monopolies dis-guise the original competitive area as the one of natural monopoly. The regional monopoly from local government intervention is the direct reason of repeated construction and excessive competition. Changing government function and standardizing government behavior are the essential measure to break the administrative monopoly.