从反帝到反清:由浙路运动看辛亥革命之社会基础

1905年以美国要求承办浙赣铁路为契机,浙江绅商申请浙路商办,奉旨奏准.浙路完全商办和1898年清政府与英国所订立的苏杭甬铁路草合同相冲突,为了保护路权、主权和自身利益,浙江绅民掀起了长达六年的保路运动.由废约纠葛而始的反帝斗争,继而发展为集股拒款、反侵略同反卖国斗争交织在一起的风潮,最终以反罢汤运动、与清政府公开对抗并取得胜利而告终.在保路运动过程中,地方和中央的矛盾不断升级,斗争矛头最终由反帝转向反清.在浙江保路运动过程中,绅商民各阶层参与不断扩大化,加大了各阶层与清政府的离心力.浙江保路运动成为决定辛亥革命人心向背的重要因素,最终为浙江的辛亥革命奠定了良好的社会基础.

From Anti-Imperialist to Anti-Qing Government:On the Social Base of Xinhai Revolution from Zhejiang Railway Right Protection Movement

In 1905,while American demanded the privilege to build Zhejiang-Jiangxi railway,Zhejiang gentries also applied for constructing this road and was approved by Qing government,but it had conflict with the Suzhou-Hangzhou-Ningbo railway draft contract which had already signed with British,so that Zhejiang gentries called for the six-year-long railway right protection movement,which ended in their victory.During this crucial period,the conflict between central and local government upgraded,the involvement of lo...