排斥性创新：一种适合发展中国家的创新方法

在发展中国家进行本土技术创新和追赶发达国家的过程中,他们自然而然会关注重大的突破性创新(Radical Innovation)方法.但是近来的研究表明,突破性创新的失败率很高,而且它要求公司或国家在培养重大的创新方法时投入大量的时间、金钱,还需要高层领导的持续关注.本文对上述问题进行了指南性的回顾,并且讨论了另一种方法--排斥性创新方法.我们应该关注排斥性创新,因为它更有可能获得成功,特别是对那些新兴的本土企业.它还是一种为发展中国家开发新的、市场能接受的产品/服务的有效方法.排斥性创新之后,公司就可以运用维持性创新(Sustaining Innovation)(渐进的和/或突破性的),为本土市场和国际市场提供高端产品.本文还列举了5个中国的案例来证实在发展中国家进行排斥性创新是可行的.

Disruptive Innovation: An Appropriate Innovation Approach for Developing Countries

In the promotion of indigenous technological innovations in developing countries,there has been a natural tendency to focus on the grand,radical innovation approach in their hurry to catch up with the developed countries.It has become evident in recent research that radical innovation has a very high failure rate,and it requires very substantial investment in time,funding and senior management attention for companies or countries to foster this important innovation approach.In this paper,we provide a tutorial review of the above problem and the alternative disruptive innovation approach.We recommend that it should be given due attention as it could have a higher chance of success especially for emerging local enterprises.It is also a competitive approach for creating new,affordable products/services for the un-served mass markets in developing countries.Companies could subsequently build up-market products using sustaining innovations,both incremental and/or radical,for local and global markets.Five examples from China are briefly discussed to substantiate the feasibility of disruptive innovation in developing countries.