试论清代以来的矿业环境保护

矿业环境保护曾在清代矿政论争中被提及。风水论与环境保护相结合，在一定程度上阻止了清初矿业的破坏性开采。清中叶以后，开禁矿业成为趋势，环保观念被官方拒绝，给环境造成极大破坏。待至清末，西方矿业法中环保条款被移植到立法中来，但未及实施。而民国的矿业立法几乎对环保只字不提。由于环境问题的日益严峻，当代中国的环保理念在国际形势和国家战略的推动下逐步转变。环保立法逐步加强，矿业环保也渐有成效。文章主要对清代以来矿业与环保政策的史料进行了梳理，通过对清以来矿政演变的研究，以期对当代的矿业立法解决矿产开发和环境保护的矛盾难题提供历史借鉴。

Discussion of the Mining Environmental Protection since the Qing Dynasty

Mining environmental protection was mentioned in debate on mining policy in the Qing Dynasty.To a certain extent,the combination of feng shui and environmental protection prevent the destructive exploitation of mining in the early Qing.After the mid-Qing,mining was a growing trend,the concept of environmental protection was rejected by official,causing great damage to the environment.Until the late Qing,the Western Mining law of environmental protection provisions had been transplanted in legislation,but ha...