论国际社会中的合法性——一个制度主义视角下的分析

在国际社会中，国家对国际制度和规范遵守包含两个内在动力：理性选择动力和社会建构动力。因此，国际制度中的合法性具有两方面的含义：工具合法性与价值合法性。一般而言，国家对合法性的第一层面的追求比较明显，但是对价值合法性的追求则比较隐晦和困难。然而，第二层含义是权力合法性的本质所在，对其无视甚至践踏会引起其他行为体的不满。文章的目的就是利用国际领域中的合法性和国际制度理论，分析2003年对伊拉克战争后，美国的合法性和国际声誉的丧失问题。其本质原因是美国追求和使用国际制度中的工具合法性，而忽视或者违背其价值合法性。

The Analysis of Legitimacy in the International Society——An Angle from the Institutionalism

In the international society, from the angle of theory of international law as ideology, there are two basic dynamics for the states to compliance of international institutions and norms, one is rational choice, the other is social construction. So, the legitimacy in international society contains two meanings, one is legitimacy as instrument and legitimacy as value. In the general, the pursuit of first implication is apparent and common. However, the pursuit of legitimacy as internal value is more obscure and difficult. But if one state just use the international law as tool and does not treat the norms and values seriously, even trample them, other states would be resentful. In this article, the author use the theory of international law as ideology and theory of institutionalism to analyze the decline of US legitimacy and fame following the 2003 Iraq war. The intrinsic reason lies in the comparison of usage of international law and norms as tool but desertion of the internal value.