社会角色转型与生育水平变动

基于文献研究和走访调研,运用对比分析方法,考察了社会角色现代转型对人口生育水平变动的影响,认为:社会由静态封闭的传统乡村转向开放流动快速变革的现代城镇,这一变迁带来中国人社会角色整体性的根本转型:由群体转向独立,由"家人"转为"社会人",由"熟人"社会转换为"陌生人"社会,社会活动由个体素质主导取代了血缘和宗族的规模依恃;女性则由依附从属性角色走向独立自主。上述各种因素相互作用,共同促成了低生育水平社会的自生成机制,因而中国的低生育水平将难以逆转。

Social Role Transition and the Change of Fertility Level

Literature review, interview survey and contrastive analysis are used as the research methods, the paper studied what the social role transition have brought about to the fertility level in China. The eonelusions are： The society has turned from the static and closed traditional villages into open, mobile and rapidly - changed modern cities and towns, which has resulted in the whole people＇s fundamental transformation of social role in our country： groups have changed into individuals, ＂family members＂ into ＂social persons＂, a society of ＂acquaintances＂ into one of ＂strangers＂, so that social activities have also changed into individual - quality - based ones replacing the traditional ones relied on consanguinity and clan; women have stepped out from dependent and subordinate role into independent one. All the factors mentioned above are interacted one another, jointly contributing to the natural making of China＇s low fertility level, and thus the low level will be hard to reverse.