对科学发展的道德评价与历史评价

对科学的道德评价,是指从道德角度对科学的发展引起的社会变化影响的评价;对科学的历史评价,则是从历史角度对科学在人类社会发展历史上的客观地位的评价。前者是对科学的善恶评价,后者是对科学发展的必然性评价。从道德角度看,科学的发展确实既有利也有弊,人们不应盲目乐观;从历史角度看,科学的发展是人类社会发展进步的伴生现象,是一个充满客观必然性的、不可避免的历史过程。认识到这一点,有助于提高人们对科学的理性认识,增强发展科学的目的性和自觉性。

Moral Evaluation and Historical Evaluation of the Development of Science

Moral evaluation of science means the evaluation of the changes of society caused by the development of science from a moral way while the historical evaluation refers to the evaluation of the objective position of science in the history of development of human society from a historical way. The former is the evaluation of good and evil of science and the latter the evaluation of necessity of the development of science. From the way of morals we can see that there does exist advantages and disadvantages in the development of science, we should not be optimistic blindly; from the way of history, the development of science is a phenomenon accompanied with the development and advance of human society, an inevitable process in history. Realizing it will help enhance our rational knowledge of science and help develop science purposefully and conscientiously.