人类学视野下的伊斯兰教研究

长期以来,国内学术界对西方人类学界研究伊斯兰教的学者及作品缺乏深入了解。曾有文章介绍过欧美和日本学术界对中国穆斯林社会的研究,但就宗教人类学对整个伊斯兰世界的研究介绍很少。本文是一篇总结最新欧美人类学界研究伊斯兰教的文章,作者梳理了学术史,分析了研究现状,提出了可供讨论的问题及研究空白点。人类学研究宗教具有深厚的传统,对伊斯兰教的研究也具有独特的视角,西方人类学学者从历史、社会、理论、知识、权利、性别、仪式等角度关注过这一宗教及信仰群体,包括埃文斯·普里查德、格尔兹、萨义德、艾克尔曼、费舍尔、安敦等著名学者。通过本文的介绍,国内学者不仅从中可以领略到他们对各种问题的研究范式,同时,这些理论和视角也能够给我国研究者提供新的视野,具有很高的参考借鉴价值。

The Anthropology of Islam

For Chinese scholars,we know little about the Western anthropologists works on Islam for a long term.There were some articles introduced European and American scholars'works on Chinese Muslim society,but we seldom to summarize their productions about the whole Islam world from the Anthropological view.This essay is a newest one which introduces Western anthropologists works particularly.The author generalized the academic history,analyzed the contemporary studying actualityand put forward some topics and research points deserved to continue.It is a tradition for anthropology to study religions,and it has its special academic view in Islam study too.The Western anthropologists include distinguished scholars such as Evans-Pritchard,Clifford Geertz,Edward Said,Dale F Eickelman,Michael M.J Fischer,and Richard T Anton,had been concerned about Islam and its adherents from history,society,theory,knowledge,power,gender and ritual.The domestic scholars engaged in this subject can not only appreciate their works,but also learn some new kens from this introduction abstractly and academically.Their works have high use for conference for us.