温州民间商会:自主治理的制度分析——温州服装商会的典型研究

最近十几年,浙江温州涌现出了一大批由民营企业家自发组建的民间商会譹,并以其良好的自主治理绩效引起了社会各界的广泛关注。本文从新制度主义维度出发,在社会调查和文献分析的基础上,考察温州民间商会的生发机制:民间商会兴起的制度基础和内在逻辑;选取温州服装商会为典型案例,通过对其10多年来,自组织资源汲取能力的增强、组织化程度的提高、自治规则的完善、行政性依赖的弱化、社会合法性的成长、与政府关系的理性化等一系列制度变迁过程的分析来揭示民间商会自主治理机制的演进,探讨温州民间商会作为一个自治性组织所面临的制度困境和发展出路,进而揭示自主治理与政府作用的内在联系。

The Private Board of Trade of Wenzhou: an Analysis of the Self-administrative System

In recent ten years and more, in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, there have sprung up like mushrooms private societies of commerce instituted spontaneously by private enterprisers, which have, by their outstanding performance in their autonomous management, drawn wide attention of various social lines. Starting from the freedom of neo-institutionalism and on the basis of social survey and literature analyses, we have explored the originating setup of Wenzhou's private chambers of commerce:the system foundation of the rise of private commercial clubs and the intrinsic logic thereof. Taking Wenzhou Merchant Guild of Clothing as our typical case to be studied, and by the analyses of its more than ten years of advance in its ability to organize and use resources by itself, of furtherance in its organizational role, of the perfection of its autonomous regulations, of the weakening of administrative dependence, of its lawful growth, and of the process of changes in a series of systems such as that of the rationalization of the relationship between it and the government, we have demonstrated the evolution of the autonomous management mechanism of the private merchant guild, probed into the dilemma in system - the predicament in which is Wenzhou Merchant Guilds as autonomous organizations and into the way out for development, and illustrated the inherent link between autonomous management and the government role.