健康在多大程度上引致贫困脆弱性——基于CHNS农村数据的经验分析

贫困脆弱性的产生,很大程度上归因于居民健康水平的下降.在阐述健康引致贫困理论机制的基础上,基于CHNS在2000-2009年间追踪调查数据,对贫困脆弱性和健康效用指数HUI进行测度,估计并分析健康对贫困脆弱性的影响与内在机制.研究发现:居民健康水平的恶化会使其面临更高的贫困脆弱性,居民健康水平每下降10％,贫困脆弱性大约会上升6％；健康影响贫困脆弱性的作用机制中,物质资本和社会资本渠道被证明是相对有效的,而人力资本渠道尽管体现出微弱效应,但尚未在统计上得到显著性验证.因此,制订前瞻性的反贫政策应着眼于建立健康风险防范机制,包括提高农村医疗保障水平和重大疾病救助力度,并增加农村公共服务的投入,以促进其均衡化发展.

To What Extent the Health Cause of Poverty Vulnerability：An Empirical Study Based on CHNS Rural Data

The emergence of poverty vulnerability mainly dues to the falling of household＇s health level. Based on discussing the theoretical mechanism between poverty vulnerability and health, this paper calculates the poverty vulnerability index and the health utility index, then estimates the effect from health to poverty vulnerability and analyzes its mechanism. The results show that household＇s health deteriorated would make it to face higher poverty vulnerability; once the average health status reduces 10% so that the poverty vulnerability would go up 6%. Among the three main mechanisms between health and poverty vulnerability, physical capital channel and social capital channel have been proved to be effective. However, the human capital channel presents a little effect but it has insufficient significant test statistically. In fact, the key points of designing prospective policies against poverty may lie in establish a risk prevention mechanism in health. It includes that enhances medical care level in rural, builds major health disaster relief system, or improves the investment in equalization of public services in rural areas.