汉代简牍中所见私人契约

私文书是一个家庭或家族在其生活、生产过程中形成的反映家庭或家族成员活动内容的文字信息。私文书是人们在现实生活中处理私人事物不可缺少的工具,自我国有文字产生便萌芽于家庭或家族的生活和生产活动之中。它有四个特点:一是出于家庭或家族成员私人的需要而产生的,为私人服务;二是家庭或家族成员以私人身份形成的,仅代表私人;三是它反映着家庭或家族成员私人的意志和活动;四是由家庭或家族私人保管。出土的汉代简牍中的私人契约即是汉代家庭或家族成员在本家庭或家族的经济活动中产生和使用的,并代表和反映了私人意志和活动的,且由其私自保管的一种文字信息。

Han''''s Private Deeds Written on Bamboo Slips or Wooden Tablets

Private documents are messages that take shape in a family or a clan's living and manufacturing process, reflecting the family or the family members' action. Private documents are necessary means people employed when dealing with private affairs in the actual life. They sprouted in the family's living and manufacturing activities. They have four features. They are created by members of a family or a clan privately and they only represent for some private group. They are created because of the need of the members of a family or a clan and they only serve some private group. They reflect the will and activities of some private group. They are preserved by some private group. Han's private deeds written on bamboo slips and wooden tablets that had been found refer to documents produced and used in the family or clan's economical activities. They were messages of characters represented and reflected the personal will and activities and they were preserved by some private group.