本土化视野下的刑事搜查制度研究

我国搜查制度呈现出以下三个特征：法律条文规定较多,但缺乏可操作的技术性规定;搜查决定权采取自我控制的监督模式,但缺乏有效的外部制衡;划分了有证搜查和无证搜查,但缺乏内容的充分性的特征。启动搜查程序无明确的证明标准、刑事案件证明标准较高和协力型的诉讼结构是造成非法搜查的重要原因。通过调整无证搜查的条件,增设同意搜查制度,设置不同层次的搜查理由和证明标准,由检察院行使搜查审批权,制定具有可操作性的搜查执行程序,彻底贯彻非法证据排除规则等途径,可以健全我国的搜查制度。

On the System of Criminal Search from the Perspective of Localization

The following three features of searching system in China appear like that： there are many legal provisions but the operational technical requirements are inadequate;the decision-making rights of search adopt the supervision model of self-control,but lack the effective external constraints and measures;the search with warrant and without warrant are differentiated but the character of adequate content is deficient.From the perspective of lawsuit structure and standard of testification,the author points out that the absence of clear and definite standard of testification in search procedure,the high proof standard of criminal cases and the third-party-type of lawsuit are the crucial reasons of the illegal search.By adjusting the conditions of search without warrant,adding consent search system,setting up search reason of different levels and standards of testification,the Procuratorate exercises the search approval rights,formulates the operative search enforcement procedures and implements the rule of excluding illegally obtained testification thoroughly to improve the search system in China.