国民幸福感的指标体系构建与影响因素分析：基于LASSO的筛选方法

国民幸福感是经济社会发展和公共政策的终极目标。借鉴已有研究文献的幸福指数量表，本文构建一套适合于测度中国国民幸福感的指标体系，并通过全国性的问卷调查获取相关数据。为了有效地选择重要变量和消除估计偏差，本文采用新近发展的重要统计方法LASSO筛选法，先从6个个人特征变量和40个维度变量中筛选重要变量，然后再进行回归系数估计与显著性检验。回归结果表明：①性别、婚否和学历水平3个个人特征变量对幸福感有显著的影响；②9个维度变量通过显著性检验，其中家庭生活满意度、自我价值评价、社会福利保障满意度和生活方式健康度评价对幸福感的影响最为显著。在此基础上，本文又分男女、城乡、南北三个组别进行考察。最后，提出旨在提高国民幸福感的政策举措。

Analysis of Influential Factors of Civil Happiness in China: Based on LASSO Screening Method

Civil happiness is the ultimate goal of socio-economic development and public policies. This paper is concerned with analysis of influential factors of civil happiness in China based on our survey data. It uses the LASSO method, which is a newly developed important statistical method for effectively selecting important variables and eliminating estimation bias. In this empirical study, it considers 6 personal characteristic features and 40 variables from different aspects. It shows that 3 personal characteristic features including gender, marital status and education level and 9 other variables including family life satisfaction, self-esteem, social security satisfaction and lifestyle satisfaction are statistically significant for happiness. Furthermore, it also analyzes influential factors for different subsamples partitioned by gender, residence (urban versus rural), or geography (south versus north). Basing on the empirical results, it proposes several policies to enhance the civil happiness.