中世纪美学中"光"的象征及其宗教意蕴

“光”是理解中世纪美学一个重要节点。在中世纪的象征艺术中,“光”的象征艺术在建筑、绘画及文学等艺术领域获得众多表现,并具有特定的宗教意蕴。“光”在中世纪主要作为外在的源泉、绝对的权威主体——上帝的象征而被表现,由此更好地理解中世纪基督教美学的神学品格。中世纪“光”的宗教形而上学意蕴之形成之逻各斯根源可以追溯到柏拉图的理念论,柏拉图具有先验性的理念论,他关于投向可见世界的眼睛的视觉和指向理念的灵魂的视觉的区分后由奥古斯丁发展为中世纪光照论(illum inatio)。普罗提诺波、埃里根纳、那文土拉等人都参与完善了中世纪“光”的象征理论。此外,中世纪“光”的象征理论同时好受到亚述、埃及等东方文化的影响。

Symbol of Light in the Aesthetics of the Middle Ages and Its Religious Meaning

"Light" is a key in studying aesthetics of the Middle Ages.In symbolic art of that time,"light" demonstrated its value in many fields,such as architecture,painting,literature,etc.,as well as in religious meaning.Mainly as an external source,it represented God,the absolute authority,and through it we can understand theological quality of Christianism of that age.The logos root of forming metaphysical meaning of the "light" came from the idealism of Plato featuring his apriority.His dividing eye's vision from idea's vision provided a source for Augustinus' illuminatio.Plotinus,Eriugena and other masters further improved the theory.In addition,it was also under the influence of Assyria,Egypt,these Asian cultures.