中国和印度与东南亚区域合作的比较与竞合

东南亚既是中国“一带一路”倡议线路的必经之路,也是印度“印太构想”的重要区域.当中国的“一带一路”与印度的“印太构想”在东南亚地区相遇,两国的利益碰撞和影响力竞争明显增强,但也为中印在与东南亚区域合作过程中走向“竞合”提供了广阔的空间.中印在东南亚区域合作中的竞争与合作,贯穿于中国和印度参与东南亚区域合作的不同理念中.中印与东南亚区域合作有着不同的利益诉求,这使得双方的彼此认知出现错位,印度呈现出明显的排他性,中印在域外因素和合作成效方面也出现明显的差异.比较中国和印度与东南亚区域合作在利益诉求、彼此认知、排他性、域外因素、合作成效等方面的不同,有利于厘清中国和印度在东南亚区域合作中的“竞争面”与“合作面”,推动中印两国在与东南亚区域合作的“碰撞与竞争、对接与合作”中探索更具实质性意义的合作,最终实现互利共赢或多赢,为周边命运共同体的实现创造有利的条件.

Comparison of Chinese and Indian Southeast Asian Regional Cooperation and Competition

China’s Belt and Road Initiative pass through Southeast Asia,and this region is also critical for India’s Indo-Pacific vision.As China’s BRI and India’s Indo-Pacific vision meet in Southeast Asia,a growing competition has emerged as China and India compete over interests and influence.At the same time,this has also opened a space for China and India to engage in both competition and cooperation vis-a-vis Southeast Asian Regional Cooperation.China-India cooperation or competition within the context of Southeast Asian Regional Cooperation will manifest in terms of the different concepts and approaches that the two powers develop vis-a-vis Southeast Asia.China and India each have their respective interests and needs in the region,and this will inevitably result in misunderstanding between the two powers.In particular,India has trended towards exclusionary behaviors in the region,and as a result,China and India have considerable differences when it comes to the outcomes of cooperation,and with respect to factors outside of the region.By comparing China and India’s interests,mutual perceptions,exclusionary behaviors and extra-regional factors vis-a-vis Southeast Asia Regional Cooperation,we can better understand how the two powers are likely to compete or cooperate.This will further help advance thinking on how to promote more practical cooperation between China and India vis-a-vis Southeast Asia Regional Cooperation,and ultimately identify spaces for mutually beneficial initiatives to emerge.Meanwhile,this will enhance conditions for the creation of a community with a shared future in the region.