"海侵"与"海退":河陇上古汉语方言地理变迁

河陇上古时期汉语方言地理的变迁是与边塞防御区的盈缩密切相关的.所以边塞地区戍卒战守、移民屯垦以及新辟疆土的郡县设置就成为汉语言扩展的主要标志.秦汉时期是汉语向蒙古高原与青藏高原之间的绿洲及温暖河谷扩张的重要时期,河陇上古汉语方言区域的分异与整合,正是这一变迁过程的具体反映,这次拓展为汉语言成为河陇优势语言奠定了基础.

The Change of the Ancient Chinese Dialect Geography in the Area of Helong

The change of Chinese dialect geography in ancient times in the area of Helong,i.e.the upper reaches of the Yellow River,was closely related to the expansion and decline of the frontier fortress.The fighting soldiers and the immigrants for reclamation and settlement in the newly exploited land can be taken as the key symbols for the expansion of the Chinese language.It was in the Qin and Han dynasties that the Chinese language experienced its first transgression and regression in Gansu,Ningxia and Qinhai.In this article this process is well studied and its regional differentia is analyzed.It is clear that this expansion of the Chinese language has laid a base for the later change of the Chinese language in this area.