秦汉之际治政方略的变革与调适辨析--从历史观和道德观的双重透视中考察

秦汉之际,统治者为化解社会矛盾,对统治思想和治政方略作出了巨大变革和调整.汉代统治者抛弃了秦严酷的施政手段,承继了秦朝适应历史发展需要的政治制度,并将主张君道无为、与民休养生息的黄老思想和儒学确定为治国之本.新的施政方略既适应了社会的发展,又顺应了人性伦理的需要.治政方略调整的结果使政治与神学、政治与家族关系相契合,并在调节社会矛盾的冲突中发挥了重要作用.从历史观和道德观的双重角度考察,此一变革与调适,使汉初社会正义与进步得到了较为完善的统一.但是,汉初的一切调整并不能从根本上消解社会矛盾,社会进步与社会政治结构的不协调在不断孕育和诱发新的矛盾,最终又导致了汉朝的分裂和灭亡.

Analysis of the Reform and Regulation of the Political Strategy in the Period Between Qin and Han Dynasties--Investigating from the double perspective of the conception of history and the conception of morality

In the period between Qin and Han dynasties, in order to solve social contradiction, the rulers made some important reform and regulation for ruling thought and political strategy. The rulers of Han dynasty gave up the strict ruling means of Qin dynasty and carried on the political system carried out by Qin dynasty for adapting the demand of historic development and decided the Huangdi-Laozi thought and Confucian theory, which held that the lord should do everything by nature and let the people work and live at will, as the foundation to run the country. Such new administrative polices adapted society development, as well as met the need of human moral principles, which resulted in the politics being in accordance with theology, politics and family relations, as well as played an important role in regulating social contradictions. Investigating from the double angle of the conception of history and moral principles, we may see that this reform and regulation made the social justice and advance obtain better complete and unite in the early period of Han dynasty. However, this reform and regulation could not solve the social contradiction from the root. With the advance of the society, the disharmony of social and political structure bred new contradictions, which finally resulted in the doom of Han dynasty.