从《史记》采撰特点看司马迁的史学思想

在《史记》行文中,通过口传史料与文字史料的相互参校来来追求史实之真的做法,时有所见。作为《史记》采撰中的一个重要特点,它表明司马迁在这两种材料的可信度上并没有成见。在尊经传、重文字的传统下,太史公对于口传史料的重要性及可信性也给予了充分的肯定。而在这两者互相印证的过程中,就不仅体现了他严谨求实的治学精神,而且反映了他在取材中能兼容并蓄的史家胸怀和卓越识见。

Viewing Si Manqian's Thought on Historiography by Comparing the Oral Historical Materials with the Written Materials in Shiji

There are many cases of pursuing the truthfulness of historical facts by comparing each other the Oral Historical Materials with the Written Materials in the narrative of Shiji. As an important feature of the historiography of Shiji, it indicates that Si Maqian had no prejudice on the reliability of the two sources of historical materials. Observing the tradition of revering canonical works and written records, Si Maqian also affirmed the significance and reliability of oral historical materials. The mutual validation of these two sources not only indicates Si Maqian's serious and truth-seeking spirit in pursuing studies but also shows his outstanding vision and insight in historical materials selection.