论规划环境影响评价的司法审查

规划环境影响评价的司法审查通过发挥公众和法院等主体的监督作用,为规划环评制度的有效实施设立司法防线,预防政府的决策失误,减少因规划问题而引发的环境矛盾和纠纷.中国虽然确立了规划环评制度,但尚未作出与之相配套的司法审查规定,造成了现实中的实施效果不佳.尽管在一定程度上体现了对行政行为成熟性原则的突破,但从诉之利益、审查适当性等方面看并不存在对非指导性专项规划环评行为进行司法审查的障碍.我们应当在借鉴他国有益经验的基础上,重视和挖掘自身独特的政治制度与法制传统,以环境影响评价制度改革为契机,确立针对规划环评的司法审查制度.

On judicial review of planning environmental impact assessment

The judicial review of planning environmental impact assessment (PEIA),through supervision of the public and the court,sets up a judicial line for the effective implementation of the PEIA system,prevents the government''s decision making mistakes,and reduces the environmental contradictions and disputes caused by planning problems.Although China has established the PEIA system,it has not yet made the corresponding judicial review provisions,resulting in poor implementation in reality.Although it reflects the breakthrough of the ripeness principle of administrative act to a certain extent,there is no judicial review obstacle to non guided special PEIA from the aspects of interest of litigation and appropriateness of review.On the basis of drawing lessons from the beneficial experiences of other countries and regions,China should pay attention to and excavate its own unique political system and legal tradition,and establish a judicial review system for PEIA.