认知取向的转喻翻译研究——以小说《老人与海》的汉译为例

转喻和隐喻是人类两种基本的认知方式,转喻甚至比隐喻更为基本。而在认知语言学中,转喻却没有像隐喻一样受到充分的重视。本文首先讨论转喻的界定,在对转喻分类的基础上,通过对比海明威《老人与海》的两种译本,探讨了转喻翻译的四种策略：对等翻译、转喻转移、文外尾注和认知归化。研究表明,转喻理论能比较有效地解释转喻的翻译。

A Cognitive Approach to the Translation of Metonymies

Metonymy is one of the two basic cognitive manners of human beings,as basic as,or even more basic than metaphor.However,metonymy has not attracted as much attention as metaphor.Beginning with the definition of metonymy,this paper classifies metonymy into two major categories with their respective sub-categories.It further employs a comparative approach to the two different versions of Hemingway’s The Old Man and Sea and investigates four strategies of metonymy translation：equivalent translation,shift of metonymy,endnotes,cognitive domestication.Evidence from the investigation indicates that metonymy theory has an effective explanatory power for metonymy translation.