关于基因编辑的伦理反思

基因编辑是一项新兴的复杂的前沿科学技术，它如果得到安全、合理的利用，无疑具有重要的积极效应；但关键是它目前并不成熟，在缺乏严格的科学评估、安全性存在不可预知风险的情况下，贸然使用可能导致人类基因谱系发生改变等问题，甚至带来难以预料的灾难性后果。即使今后基因编辑技术成熟了，如何合理地运用它，而不偏离正确的轨道，也需要更审慎地进行伦理反思，努力形成基本的伦理共识。为了促进基因编辑技术的健康发展，令其更好地兴利除弊，为人类造福，基因编辑技术的研究、应用必须遵循人本原则、公正原则、公开透明原则、知情同意原则、责任原则等基本的伦理原则。

Ethical reflections on gene editing

Gene editing is a novel complicated leading technology. Undoubtedly, it has significant positive effects if used safely and reasonably. However, this technology does not get mature enough. Up till now, there are no strict scientific assessment criteria but many unexpected risks about such technology. Under these conditions, using the technology rashly may change human genealogy, bringing some unpredictable disastrous consequences. Even gene editing technology gets mature in the furture, ethical reflections, regarding how to use the technology in reasonable ways, will still be needed. Moreover, these reflections will contribute to avoiding deviating from the correct path, getting fundamental ethical common senses. For sound development of gene editing technology, promoting its benefits and abolishing its harmfulness, our studies and practices on gene editing should follow multiple principles, including the humanistic principle, the principle of impartiality, the principle of publicity and transparency, the principle of informed consent, the principle of responsibility and so on.