时代的“酵母”——普雷沃与18世纪法国“饥荒阴谋”说的建构

普雷沃对18世纪法国"饥荒阴谋"说的建构发挥了重要作用。1768年,他因揭发《饥荒协定》锒铛入狱,形成了关于"饥荒阴谋"说的一套完整的看法。大革命爆发后,普雷沃走出监狱,在革命文化的熏陶下,他对"饥荒阴谋"说进行加工、再造。此外,他还锲而不舍地向革命政府申请经济补偿,并将前任财政总监拉韦尔迪送上断头台,促使"饥荒阴谋"说得到最高革命权威的认可。普雷沃在"饥荒阴谋"说建构过程中扮演的角色表明,小人物在某种程度上也能发挥时代"酵母"的作用,在时代大叙事和人生小故事的交融中推动革命的发展。

A Leaven of His Time: Le Prév?t de Beaumont and the Making of the Discourse of the Famine Plot in the 18th Century France

Le Prév?t de Beaumont has played an important role in the making of the discourse of the famine plot in 18th century France.In 1768,after denouncing a so-called famine pact to starve the people,Le Prévt de Beaumont was put into prison where he has formed a set of discourse of the famine plot to conceptualize the suspicions that the public has concerning the insider dealing in the grain trade.After his release from prison at the beginning of the French Revolution,he reinterpreted the famine plot from an angle of the revolutionary culture and completed the discourse of the famine plot.Furthermore,through his determined effort,he has obtained a sum of economic compensation for his unjust detention and conviction from the Revolutionary Government and succeeded in sending the Ex-Controller-General of Finances L’Averdy to the guillotine.Both of this shows that the Revolutionary Government has approved his discourse of the famine plot.The story of Le Prév?t de Beaumont demonstrates that even an ordinary people may play a significant role as a leaven of his time,that is to say that one can push forward the process of the French Revolution by putting his course of life in the mainstream of the times.