重新评估社会化小农家庭粮食生产效率:以SC省SZH村水稻种植为例

透过农地经营历史变迁,我们总能够找寻到小农被改造的例证;历时30余年小农经济又走到命运被改变的十字路口.对中国粮食生产而言,急需找准问题,解决农村、农业发展难题是一项复杂的政治、社会和经济系统工程,绝非简单的农业生产业态转变,需重建社会经济资源配置机制.文章借助持续5年45个家庭跟踪调查的面板数据,展开小农生产微观机理探析,重新估计小农家庭水稻种植生产函数,揭示生产可能性边界可达性.结果表明:对效率损失而言,由人为可控制的部分占到72.3％,随机无效率的贡献占到27.7％,社会化程度趋高的小农其价格预期直接影响种植意愿,减少水稻种植面积的概率达到13％.经济层面,粮价早已挫伤了散户小农种粮积极性,水稻种植生产陷入了无效率陷阱;社会层面,乡土社会转型的准备工作迟迟未跟进.为实现农业农村发展稳定目标,关键在于权衡利与弊的关系之后,重建效率与公平平衡之大局;事在人为,植入社会化小农特征考释粮食生产多了一层内容设计.未来中国农业和农村发展需要在社会与经济之间寻求二者的内在平衡,重构小农经济效率认识.

Reappraising the food production efficiency of the socialized small peasant: A case study of SZH village in SC Province

Through the historical changes, we can always find the example of the transformation of small peasant which lasted more than 30 years. In China, the grain production is not a simple form argument, is the reconstruction of social and economic resources allocation mechanism. The research is on the micro-mechanism of the small-scale peasant production, and to estimate the production function of the rice plant, and reveal the possibility of the production frontier. The results show that:in the case of efficiency loss, the 72.3% can be controlled, and the random and non efficiency is 27.7%, the price expectation of small peasant directly affects the planting will, the probability of rice planting area reduce reached 13%. The economic and social preparation work of rural society transition has been slow to follow. For the realization of agricultural and rural development and stability of target, the key is to weigh the pros and cons, reconstruction efficiency and fairness of the overall situation; it all depends on human effort, the grain production which implants peasant''s socialization characteristics has much layers of design. The development of agriculture and rural areas in the future needs to seek the internal balance between society and economy, and reconstruct new understanding of the economic efficiency of small peasants.