先秦道家的宇宙观

道家宇宙观的发展,包括宇宙构成物质和生成图式两个主题。就宇宙构成物质来说,先秦时存在“尚气”和“尚水”两种理解,道家认为宇宙构成物质乃是气,并在道气关系的讨论中,主张“道是气”。就宇宙生成图式来说,先秦存在“对象性”和“系统性”两种理解,道家对于相关讨论从“对象性宇宙生成论”逐渐走向“系统性宇宙生成论”,发展出渐趋复杂的生成图式。宇宙生成论发展至此,已经完整而细腻,而后中国思想史上的宇宙生成论大都难以超越此一基本脉络。

The Cosmology of Taoist in the Pre-Qin Period

In this paper, we review many books about the pre-Qin Taoist, and discuss the development of Taoist''s cosmology, including the material and the generating process of cosmology. When talking about the material of cosmology, Qi and Water are two ideas in the pre-Qin. Taoist thought Qi is the material of cosmology, and believed Tao is Qi. When talking about the generating process of cosmology, "One to one" and "systematic" are two ideas in the pre-Qin. Taoist''s cosmology developed from "One to one" to "systematic" and the generating process became more and more complex. With the achievements, the theory of generating process was already complete and cosmology has become mature in the history of Chinese thought.