《黑板》：文明与精神救赎的双重解构

电影符号学理论将电影解释为一种特殊的符号系统和表意现象。运用电影符号学理论中有关隐喻的概念对伊朗电影《黑板》中黑板、真主、女人、老人、孩子、语言等视觉符号进行解读可知：黑板暗喻现代文明拯救的尴尬，真主隐含宗教救赎的无望，女人代指女性身份的缺失，孩子和老人显示战争阴云下库尔德民族历史的空白，语言则隐喻国家发展构想在苦难民众中的无意义性。影片运用这种视觉符号的隐喻与映照，消解了文明和精神信仰对该民族救赎的可能性，表达了东方传统文化的失落与导演通过国界线这一视觉符号所质疑的传统意义的国家和民族主义，同时也完成了对库尔德民族未来之路指向何方的拷问和质询。

The Blackboard: Dual Deconstruction of Civilization and Spiritual Salvation

Based on film semiotics, movies are ideographic phenomena. The use of metaphors in film blackboard, God, women, the elderly, children and interpreted as special symbol systems and semiotics that decipher such visual symbols as language that appeared in the Blackboard tells us that the blackboard implies the embarrassment Of saving modem civihzation; God the hopelessness of religious redemption ; women the lack of their identity ; children and the elderly people the historical blanks of Kurdish nationality; language the meaninglessness of the concept of national development for the people who are suffering. Using the metaphor and reflection of visual symbols, not only does this movie deny the possibility of national salvation by civilization and spiritual beliefs, which expresses the loss of traditional eastern culture and the rationalism of traditional sense questioned by the visual symbol of national boarder, but also it has completed the inquiries for where the tuture of the Kurdish nation should lie.