郭象“性分”思想的矛盾两重性及其评价

“性分”思想是郭象哲学的核心与基础,在其整个理论体系中占据着重要的地位。郭象“性分”思想统合了先天、不变、必然的“命”与后天、可变、偶然的“遇”,并以“遇”为“命”,强调“性分”的自然而然与理当如此,这就决定了“性分”思想具备先天与后天、不变与变、必然与偶然的矛盾两重性特征。此外,对郭象“性分”思想矛盾两重性的评价也应一分为二。就抽象理论方面说,郭象“性分”思想有利于社会秩序的稳定及个人身心的安顿;就具体现实方面说,郭象“性分”思想不利于社会阶层的流动及个人主观能动性的发挥。

The Contradictory Duality of Guo Xiang's Thought of "Individual Nature" and Its Evaluation

"Xing Fen"or individual nature is the core and foundation of Guo Xiang's philosophy,which occupies an important position in his whole theoretical system.Guo's thought of individual nature integrates the innate,unchangeable and inevitable"fate"with the acquired,changeable and accidental"encounter",and takes"encounter"as"fate",emphasizing the natural and reasonable nature of"individual nature".This determines that the thought of individual nature has dual contradictory characteristics of being both innate and acquired,both unchangeable and variable,and both inevitable and accidental.In addition,the evaluation of the duality of Guo's"individual nature"thought should be divided into two parts.As far as the abstract theory is concerned,Guo's thought of"individual nature"is conducive to the stability of social order and the settlement of individual body and mind.As far as the concrete reality is concerned,Guo's thought of"individual nature"is not conducive to the flow of social strata and the exertion of individual subjective initiative.