实践标准的本体论反 思简

前苏联教科书哲学体系中“实践标准”的逻辑论证之所以存在裂痕，根源在于它立足于传统的符合论真理观，从而导致马克思主义认识论被禁锢在直观唯物主义思想体系中。马克思以感性对象性活动（实践）为出发点，走出了主客二元对应的真理观，开辟了主体在改造世界实践中相互映现与互为表象的真理观，从本体论立场解决了认识论问题。但马克思哲学革命所确立的新型真理观并非以解决传统认识论问题为目标，它只是一个附带性的理论后果，其根本旨趣是批判德国哲学家关于“意识”革命的谬误性，而确立从实践中去解决历史真理性问题的唯物史观。

An Ontological Reflection on Practice Standard

The logical proposition that practice is the sole criterion for testing truth in the philosophy of the former Soviet Union＇ s textbook faces a huge interpreting embarrassment, which lies in the traditional correspondence theory of truth that makes Marxism epistemology tightly confined in the ideological system of intuitionistic materialism. With the sensible-objectivity activity （practice） as the starting point, Marx breaks through the truth view of the subject and object correspondence, and puts forward the new one holding that the subject and object mutually reflect and represent each other in the world-changing practice, which solves the epistemological prob- lem from the standpoint of ontology. However the new view of truth established by the revolution of Marxism phi- losophy never aims at solving the traditional epistemological problem, which is only the additional theoretical resuit. And the ultimate purpose is to criticize the deceit of Germany philosophers＇ consciousness revolution, thereby establishing the historical materialism that resolves the problem of the historical truth in practice.