Immigration,crime, and incarceration in early twentieth-century america |
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Authors: | Carolyn Moehling Anne Morrison Piehl |
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Institution: | Carolyn Moehling and Anne Morrison Piehl, Department of Economics, Rutgers University; and NBER. |
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Abstract: | The major government commissions on immigration and crime in the early twentieth century relied on evidence that suffered
from aggregation bias and the absence of accurate population data, which led them to present partial and sometimes misleading
views of the immigrant-native criminality comparison. With improved data and methods, we find that in 1904, prison commitment
rates for more serious crimes were quite similar by nativity for all ages except ages 18 and 19, for which the commitment
rate for immigrants was higher than for the native-born. By 1930, immigrants were less likely than natives to be committed
to prisons at all ages 20 and older, but this advantage disappears when one looks at commitments for violent offenses. The
time series pattern reflects a growing gap between natives and immigrants at older ages, one that was driven by sharp increases
in the commitment rates of the native-born, while commitment rates for the foreign-born were remarkably stable. |
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