马克思东方文化思想的嬗变及其当代启示

马克思对东方文化的认识经过了两个阶段的嬗变:一是早期在"使东方从属于西方"的视域下,马克思主要对东方文化的落后性进行了批判;二是晚年马克思探索东方文化优于资本主义制度的"新生因素",并提出未来社会文化"将是古代氏族的自由、平等和博爱的更高级的复活"。上述思想推动了历史唯物主义的完善。马克思的东方文化思想对十八届三中全会提出的"建设社会主义文化强国,增强国家文化软实力"有重要的启示意义:既要正视自身的文化落后性,同时也要立足传统文化发掘"新生支点",坚持"以人为本"的文化价值观,实现"人的自由全面发展"的社会。

The Evolution of Marxist Oriental Cultural Thought and Its Modern Enlightenment

The understanding of the oriental culture by Marx experienced two evolutional periods ： First, under his early view of ＂making the East subordinate to the West＂, Marx mainly criticized the backwardness of theoriental culture. Second, in his late life, Marx studied the ＂new factors＂ that made oriental culture superior tothe capitalist system and put forward his view that the future culture in the society ＂will be the revival of the liberty, equality and fraternity by the ancient clan to a higher level＂. The above - listed ideas promoted the sound-ness of a historical materialism. Marx＇ s ideas on the oriental cultural thought exerted important implications tothe view of ＂building a socialist cultural power, and enhancing national cultural soft power＂ that was put forwardat the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC National Congress. We must not only face up to our own culturalbackwardness, but also explore ＂fresh points＂ based on the traditional culture and adhere to the ＂people - oriented＂ cultural values to achieve ＂free and comprehensive development＂ of the society.