少数民族语言对云南汉语方言影响的一种特殊方式

在云南,汉语和少数民族语之间,少数民族语和少数民族语之间,语言间的相互影响在词汇层面除了借贷和底层化之外,尚有一种方式,即在词汇的较深层面上趋同而在语音层面仍用本民族固有的成分。发生这种影响时,语言间地域上的相同或邻接似乎是一个重要条件,语言影响的方向也并不限于强势语言对弱势语言,有时源流关系颇难辨认。

A Special Influence of Yunnan Minority Languages on Yunnan Mandarin

In Yunnan,the mutual influence between the Chinese language and the minority languages as well as among the minority languages themselves find expression not only in their vocabulary like borrowing but also in a special way,that is,there is a tendency towards the sameness at the deep lexical level but the basic phonetic elements of the original languages remain the same.When this has happened,it seems that the geographical factor like neighborhood plays a key role while the influence does not always come from the dominant language.Sometimes,it is hard to tell their origin and development.