王充耘的尚书研究

元代是中国尚书学史上的一个重要阶段。在元代士人撰写的有关科举的著作中,王充耘《书义矜式》是价值较高的一种。该书系以《尚书》中的文句为题目而编纂的一部八股文范文集。该书所选范文具有五方面的具体特色,即论题范围广阔,题目筛选严格,文气与时俱进,运思推理严密,以及突出时代主旋律。该书所选范文还有一个共同的特色,即不少句段实际上是对《尚书》文句的复述乃至串讲。王充耘对《尚书·说命》的研究尤为深入。这反映了元代士人对天命观的兴趣,以及他们对天命的依存心态。

Wang Chongyun and His Studies of the Book of History

The Yuan Dynasty is an important period in the academic history of the Book of History in China. Some scholars who lived in the Yuan Dynasty have left us a few monographs which are meant to discuss the Book of History, of which the Book of History and Relative Model Essays is of a comparatively high value. In this book many key sentences of the Book of History are chosen to serve as the topics under which candidates may compose the eight-part essays in the imperial examination. The model essays in this book are possessed of the following five concrete features. Firsdy, the topics cover a large sphere. Secondly, the topics are carefully made. Thirdly, the tone goes ahead with the times. Fourthly, the thinking clue is strictly logical. Fifthly, the main melody of epochs is stressed. The model essays in this book are possessed of a common feature, namely, many sentences are in fact a retelling or summary of the Book of History. Wang Chongyun has a particularly deep-going research of Explaining the Fate, which is an article in the Book of History. This shows that the Yuan intellectuals are interested in the heavenly mandate, and on the heavenly mandate they are highly dependent.