建国以来中国学前教育政策的发展与启示

建国以来我国颁布了很多学前教育政策,为学前教育事业发展提供了有力的支持。本研究借助CiteSpace和Nvivo11软件,重点对社会主义改造和建设时期、改革开放新时期和科学规划发展的中国特色社会主义新时代的学前教育政策文本和研究文献进行了分析,发现七十年来的政策体现了由师法苏联转向建设中国特色学前教育跨越、由关注学前教育资源不均转向均衡式演进、由倡导园所“量”的建设转向“质”的提升、由重视幼儿的身体转向身心全面协调发展趋势。七十年来的学前教育政策发展历程启示我们要提高学前教育政策的法律位阶、协调学前教育发展的内外部运行机制以及加强学前教育的普及普惠。

The Development and Enlightenment of Preschool Education Policyin China in the Past 70 years

Since the founding of the People''s Republic of China, China has promulgated many preschool education policies, providing significant support for the development of preschool education. With the aid of CiteSpace and Nvivo11, this study mainly analyzes texts of the pre-school education policies and related literatures in the period of Socialist Transformation and Construction, Reform and Opening-up, and the New Era of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in Scientific Planning. Trends of the policy development in the past seventy years are reflected by the change from imitating the Soviet Union to constructing pre-school education with Chinese characteristics, from distributing equal educational resources to balancing development pace, from advocating "quantity" of kindergartens to pursuing "quality" of education, and from caring for children physically to cultivating them holistically. The development of preschool education policy in the past 70 years inspires us to improve the legal level of preschool education policy, to coordinate the internal and external operating mechanism of preschool education and to strengthen the general benefits of preschool education.