不同农村土地非农化模式的利益分配机制比较研究

随着我国城市化进程的推进,大量的农村土地正在转化为非农业用地,失地农民数量也在急速增加,并对社会稳定与发展构成了很大的压力。与此同时,农地在非农化过程中形成了巨额地租。如何根据稳定与发展的需要构建协调各级政府、集体,失地农民、企业等相关主体的利益分配机制已经成为非常重要的问题。本文提出,要协调好相关主体的利益,应当遵循社会稳定标准和社会公正标准。然后,通过对国家征地模式、集体土地直接非农化模式和国家征地并部分返还的模式进行比较,探讨了其利益分配特征及其效应。在此基础上,提出了有关政策。

A Comparative Study of Different Benefit Distribution Mechanisms on the Non-Agricultural Model of Rural Farmland

In the wake of China's urbanization, lots of farmland is turning to non-farmland, and the number of farmers having lost their land is increasing speedily, bringing great pressure onto social stability and development.Exorbitant land rent,at the same time, has been demanded from some farmland in the process of non-agriculturalization of farmland. How to constitute, according to the need of keeping social stability and development,a distribution system that well coordinates the interests of the governments at all levels, the collective, the peasants who have lost their land, the enterprises and other related main bodies, has become a very important problem. In this paper, we have aired our opinion that, in order to well harmonize the benefits of the related main bodies, the standard for maintaining social stability and justice should be followed. Then, by a comparison of different models of the State's taking over rural land for use, the collective farmland turning directly to non-farmland, and the State's taking over rural land with part for its own use and part for the use by the farmers, we have probed into the characteristics of the benefit distribution and its effects. And on the basis, we have offered some relative policies.