浅谈"以物为本"的发展观和"以人为本"的发展观

“以人为本”的发展观和“以物为本”的发展观是截然对立的。在马克思哲学中,自然存在物是人的劳动创造的,“物”或“自然”都是以人的意志为转移的。人本身就是人的最高本质,要扬弃和否定“人依赖于物”的“物化社会”,实现“自由人联合体社会”。“以物为本”的社会发展观实际上是马克思所批判的“人依赖于物”的“物化社会”的意识形态,即“拜物教唯物主义”,其现实危害相当严重。马克思的“实践人道主义”是“以人为本”的发展观的灵魂。落实“以人为本”的发展观,需要深刻理解马克思关于“人是目的”、“人的本质”及“人的自由”等重要思想,强调人的自由全面发展这一社会主义最高原则,把人的精神力量视为人的“内在本质”。“历史唯物主义”是马克思从“物的层面”揭示“资本社会”的“物化”和“物的依赖性”的本质的“实证科学”的总观点和总方法,它绝对不是马克思的哲学理想,只有“实践的人道主义”才是马克思的共产主义的哲学理想。

On "Human-based" view and "material-based" View fro the Marxist Perspective--Also on "historical materialism" and "practical humanism"

The "human-based" development view is opposite to the "material-based" development view.In the Marxist philosophy,the objects existing in nature are created by labor and the object and nature are changing with the man's will.According to Marxism,the man himself is the nature of man, and the materialized society should be denied so that the allied society of the liberal men can be realized.The material-based development view is rejected by Marxism.The Marxist practical humanism is the essence of the human-based development view.To implement the human-base development view,we should have a profound understanding of the idea that man is the purpose,of the nature of man and man's freedom.Meanwhile,the supreme socialist principle,an overall free development of man,should be stressed and the spiritual power should be regarded as man's inherent essence.