北京话“管”类语气副词的历时嬗变(1750~1950)

北京话（1750~1950）＂管＂类副词主要包括＂管＂、＂管必＂、＂管保＂、＂管定＂、＂管情＂、＂管取＂等六个。其中,＂管＂为＂管＂类副词的根词,是近代＂管＂类副词语法功能的主要承担者。＂管＂由＂管束、控制＂的动词义慢慢虚化而来,相对于《红楼梦》、《儿女英雄传》中的＂管＂,语法功能发生了些许变化,随着副词双音化的发展,＂管定＂、＂管情＂、＂管取＂、＂管必＂等副词相继出现。但真正与＂管＂产生竞争关系的是明代产生的＂管保＂,并最终取代了＂管＂,成为＂管＂类副词语法功能的主要甚至是唯一的承担者。

Evolution of the interrogative adverbs of "Guam X"in Beijing dialect from 1750 to 1950

In Beijing dialect(1750-1950),the interrogative adverbs of Guan X mainly include Guan,Guan Bi ,Guan Bao,Guan Ding,Guan Qing,and Guan Qiu.The root Guan plays the major grammatical role of such interrogative adverbs in modern Chinese.Guan originates from such verbs as Guan Shu and Kong Zhi.Yet,the grammatical function of Guan changes,which is different from how it was used in such classics as A Dream of Red Mansions and The Heroic Sons and Daughters.With the development of bi-syllabic adverbs,Guan Ding,Guan Q...