试论“元信任”问题

长期以来,信任被界定为一个外生性的概念,它的存在必须镶嵌在广阔的社会文化环境之中。心理学、经济学、社会学等社会科学从各自的角度阐述了信任产生的外生性条件。但对于信任产生的内生基础,却很少受到社会科学的关注。而随着自然科学对信任研究的关注,演化生物学、演化心理学、神经元经济学等新兴交叉学科从多个层次探讨了信任的内生基础问题。为此,本文首先梳理了社会科学界对信任问题的探讨,总结了其研究的局限性,随后转向自然科学的信任研究,提出了＂元信任＂概念来界定内生基础层面的信任概念,最后详细探讨了＂元信任＂得以产生的条件,以及＂元信任＂问题对于目前信任研究可能产生的影响。

Meta-trust:a discussion

For a long time,trust has been defined as an exogenous concept whose existence is based on social and cultural environment.Psychology,economics,sociology and other social sciences have discussed the exogenous conditions of trust from different perspectives,while few researches concern themselves with the endogenous basis of trust.This article first analyzes the discussions of trust in social sciences,summarizes their limitations,and then turns to natural sciences for inspiration.It puts forward the concept of ＂meta-trust＂ to define the endogenous aspect of trust.And finally it investigates the conditions for the generation of ＂meta-trust＂ and the possible influence of ＂meta-trust＂ on trust-related researches.