青年学生的彷徨:五四社会主义论战中的费觉天

青年学生的思想自然未成型,很容易出现转变且其思想内容复杂。以五四时期社会主义论战为场域,对参加论战的北京大学学生费觉天的思想进行研究,可知他曾经是社会改良主义者中之一员,但其后来又公开与之论争,明确地反对社会改良主义者的主张,他的不少观点形似马克思主义,而且深受马克思主义者的影响,但他却反对马克思主义的阶级斗争学说并对唯物史观进行了系统地批判。通过对费觉天思想的研究,能够对当时青年学生的思想有一个比较清晰的认识,同时也有助于重新审视五四社会主义论战中的某些定论。

A young student's bewilderedness: Fei Juetian in the polemics on socialism during the May Fourth Movement

Being immature,young students are prone to change their ideas and their thinking appears to be complex.Fei Juetian was such a young student.At first he was one of the social reformists in the socialist debate during the May Fourth Movement.Later,he launched an open debate and took a clear stand against social reform.Many of his ideas resembled Marxist ideas,which was a result of the impact of popular Marxist,yet he also opposed the Marxist theory of class struggle and conducted a systematic critique of historical materialism.The criticism of Fei Juetian and his ideas may help understand both the young students and the polemics on socialism at that time.