智障人口特征及其生存发展——对南京市216名智障人15的调查

在南京市区采用问卷调查法对智障人口父母进行了调查。调查发现智障流行率特征有:男性多于女性,年龄呈学龄前人数比例低、学龄期高、青年期下降的特点,无论男女都存在严重婚姻障碍。智障等级上,轻度智障者比例最大、中度次之、重度和极重度最小。致病原因除先天、分娩、妊娠期等致病因素外,社会文化因素日益显著。智障人口在生活上绝大多数终身与家庭捆绑,智障者家庭养残不堪重负。据此提出四条相应对策。

Characteristic and Subsisting Condition of Mentally Retarded Population--Based on a Survey in Nanjing on 216 Persons of Mentally Retarded People

From a questionnaire survey conducted on parents of mentally retarded people in urban Nanjing,the author finds the following characteristics: more male ones than female,smaller proportion among preschool children but a higher rate among school-age children,and dropping rate among the youth;and all of them,no matter whether men or women,have a big marriage barrier. The ones of mild mental retardation take up the biggest proportion,while medium ones take the second place,heavy and serious ones the minimum.The nosogenesis can be traditionally related to the causes of heredity,delivery and gestational period,while nowadays the social culture serves as an increasingly remarkable cause day by day.The majority of the people have to live on their family members for life,which is of course a heavy burden that most of the families can't bear.In the paper the author proposes four corresponding countermeasures.