由“声音之道,与政通矣”看儒家对音乐的政治化诠释

《乐记》是儒家重要经典著作《礼记》中专门论述乐教的重要部分,儒家通过《乐记》诠释了音乐对个人对社会的影响,阐述了儒家通过音乐教化世人改良政治的理念。但音乐本身的政治功能和教化效果在儒家的诠释中被不恰当地夸大了,不仅误导了封建社会政治思想的演化,而且对音乐本身的发展造成了比较消极的影响。只有正确认识音乐的本质属性,将音乐与人性道德社会政治的影响关系厘清主次轻重,才能认识到音乐应当如何正确合理地发展,才能认识到国家政治应当如何理性平衡地运作。

Political Explanation on Music by Confucian School from "The Way of Music Connects Politics"

Specialized in discussing on music education,the Book of Music is an important constituent part of the Confucian classical work,the Book of Rites.By the Book of Music,the Confucian school explains the influence of music to individuals and to society,and explains the idea of educating people to carry on political reforms by music.But the political function and the educating effect of music proper have been inappropriately exaggerated in their explanations to the effect of misleading the evolution of political thinking in feudal society,and of fairly negative influence to the development of music proper.Only by correct cognition of the essential property of music,and by clearing up the relations between music and its influence to morality and social politics,can the cognition be made on how to enable music develop correctly,and on how the state politics should be rationally carried out in balance.