制度与信任形成的微观机制——兼评房莉杰《制度信任的形成过程》

本文试图从博弈论的视角为信任的发生机制提供微观行为基础，并重新解释新型农村合作医疗制度中的信任问题。信任是对交易关系中利益相关方可能采取的对各方都有利的合作性策略行为的一种概括化的、稳定性的期望，也是人们理性选择的结果。信任形成的关键是需要一系列触发机制不断地强化而形成稳定的预期。〖JP2〗在对新型农村合作医疗制度及其涉及的农民信任问题解释时发现，大量的触发机制发挥了积极的反馈强化作用，如说服与政治动员、加大资助特殊群体、引入家庭账户、提高补偿程度、信息公开等。正是这些触发机制的正反馈作用，农民逐渐相信农村合作医疗管理机构及其他的医疗保险服务机构等，他们所采取合作性的策略行为承诺是可信任和期待的。

Micro-Mechanism in the Formation of Systems and Trust:A Review of Fang Lijie's "Formation Process of Institutional Trust"

This work provides a micro behavioral foundation for identifying the trust establishing mechanism from the perspective of the game theory， and tries to re interpret the trust issue in the new rural cooperative medical system． Trust can be defined as the generalized and stable expectations on each side in a business transaction， a result of people’s rational choice when the interest tied party in a trading relationship is likely to utilize cooperative strategies to optimize benefits to all stakeholders． The key for trust to be established is for expectations to be continuously reinforced and stabilized through a number of trigger mechanisms． To account for the new rural cooperative medical system and its related issue of trust， many trigger mechanisms are believed to have played an active role in strengthening the feedback loop． Through the positive feedback from such trigger mechanisms as “persuasion and political mobilization”， “increased subsidy to special groups”， “creation of family accounts”， “higher reimbursement rates”， and “public sharing of information”， farmers have come to believe the medical insurance agency and health service providers． To them now， the promise in the cooperative behavioral strategies can be expected and is trustable．