论规范的科学性和价值性

规范是指人们为了达到一定的目标而指定的一套行为规则和准则。规范总是体现了人们的需要、目的和愿望,规范总是同价值联系在一起,价值性是规范的重要特征。同时,规范又是对自然规律和社会法则的服从和遵守,科学性是规范的又一重要特征。任何规范都是科学性和价值性的统一。然而,在人的不同活动领域,其规范的科学性和价值性的表现程度是有侧重的,在科学技术领域,其规范的科学性程度要高于价值性,在人文社会领域,其规范的价值性程度要高于科学性。规范不仅因人的活动领域的不同而不同,而且也因其层次的不同而有别,根据规范自身的规范或制约程度,可以把规范划分为刚性规范、柔性规范和理想性规范三个层次或三种类型,这三类规范的科学性和价值性也有不尽相同的表现。

On Scientific feature and Value of the Norm

The norm refers to a set of rules and regulations designed for people to achieve one aim. The norm reflects aims, needs and wishes of people and the norm has its own value. Meanwhile, the norm should follow natural laws, social laws and scientific laws. A norm is a combination of science and value. However, in the different fields, there are different attitudes toward science and value. In the field of science and technology, the feature of science is more important; and in the field of humanistic literature, the feature of value is more important. According to the different fields and different levels, the norm can be divided into stiff norm, soft norm and ideal norm.