基于期望理论的大学新生学习动机的影响因素及激励措施研究——以安徽省两所高校的实证调查为例

因学生学习动机的强度减弱甚至消失，部分大学新生入学后出现了学习适应困难、学习积极性降低、厌学等问题，严重影响了学习效果。为了有效地解决这一问题，文章对安徽省两所高校新生学习动机的影响因素进行了实证研究，研究表明:自我、同辈群体、父母、老师、学校、社会环境等因素在不同方面影响了大学新生的学习动机。结合问卷分析结果，文章提出了基于期望理论的大学新生学习动机的激励措施，即目标激励、努力激励、成绩激励和奖励激励，四项措施相互联动，形成激励合力，以有效激发新生学习动机，提高学习效果。

Research on the Influencing Factors and Incentive Measures of Freshmen's Learning Motivation Based on Expectancy Theory:Taking the Empirical Investigation of Two Universities in Anhui Province as an Example

As the intensity of students' learning motivation weakens or even disappears, some freshmen have problems such as learning adaptation difficulties, lower learning motivation, and weariness of learning, which seriously affect the learning effect. In order to solve this problem effectively, this paper makes an empirical study on the influencing factors of freshmen's learning motivation in two universities in Anhui Province.The research shows that freshmen themselves, peer groups, parents, teachers, schools, social environment and other factors affect the learning motivation of freshmen in different ways.Based on the results of the questionnaire analysis, this paper puts forward incentive measures to upgrade freshmen's learning motivation based on expectancy theory, namely, goal incentive, effort incentive, achievement incentive and reward incentive.The four measures are linked together to form incentive force, so as to effectively stimulate freshmen's learning motivation and improve their learning effect.