朱熹文章学及其理学特点

朱熹的文章学是其文学理论的重要组成部分，主要由作家修养论、认题立意论、结构论、行文论、文章风格论与文道观等几个方面组成。受其理学家身份的影响，他的文章学与古文家的理论明显不同，带有鲜明的理学色彩。这主要表现在以下几个方面:一是将作家修养与心性论相联系，强调作家只有通过心性涵养来提高自己修养，才能创作出平易自然之文；二是为了文章所言之义理切于日用，强调创作平易自然的文章；三是将明理与文章写作联系起来，认为道是根本，文是枝叶，根于义理而创作的文章必然词气高妙。

Zhu Xi's Theory of Essays and Its Neo-Confucianism Characteristics

Zhu Xi's theory of essays is an important part of his literary theory, which consists of several theoretical aspects: the writer's cultivation, the conception, the structure, the wording, the style and the relationship between view of literature & truth.As he is a Neo-Confucianist, his theory of essays is with a distinct Neo-Confucianism color, which is obviously different from that of other ancient writers.These mainly show in following aspects:1)he links the writer's self-cultivation with the theory of Mind, emphasizing that only by improving his self-cultivation can a writer creates plain and natural works; 2)He holds that the meaning in essays should be practical in daily use, and emphasizes that a writer must create plain and natural essays; 3)He combines rationality with essay writing, and holds that truth is the root and an essay is a branch or leaf, and essays based on rationality are bound to have excellent lyric tone.