缺陷汽车召回所需安排的最优维修店数目

讨论了缺陷汽车产品制造商在汽车召回事件中如何安排最优维修店数目。假设汽车制造商在召回期限内维修几乎全部召回汽车,车主逗留时间和维修时间都服从指数分布,并且假设维修人员会根据库存水平(车位)调整维修速度。选取制造商安排组织的维修店数目为决策变量,利用有限源排队理论建立了成本控制模型。搜索算法确定了最优的维修店数目,使得期望总成本最小。

Optimal Allocation of Repair Shops in the Automobile Recall

Toyota Motor Corporation has recalled more than 8.5 million defective vehicles since March 2010 according to a Reuters report.The State Administration of Quality Supervision Defective Product Management Center(AQSIQ) is formed by nearly 60 domestic and foreign automobile manufacturers.An AQSIQ report shows that there had been 212 active recall,and recall of 321 thousand units of vehicles from 2004 to 2009. In 2009 China had 57 auto recalls,and involved 1,364,820 vehicles and 33 companies.The number of auto recalls in 2009 is 1.5 times more than that in 2008.Twenty nine recalls involve 1,283,400 domestic cars.The number of recalls is higher than that of imported cars.The average recall completion rate of enterprises is more than 85.5%.Regardless the number of recalls,the number of auto recall in China reached the in the history of a new high record,according to the AQSIQ.Car market in 2009 and 2010,a significant change in the recall is voluntarily recalling its own brand awareness began to increase.As a corporate strategic decision,the subtle optimization on product recall decision leads to fruitful academic contributions and managerial insights. When launching product recall,the motor manufacturer must organize repairers to recover defective vehicles as well as bear the repair fees and necessary logistical costs.Then,the optimal number of repairers is an important managerial issue.If too few repairers are organized,the great number of defective vehicles that wait for recovery services results in huge inventory costs;while if too many repairers are arranged,the motor manufacturer has to pay a larger repair fees.Thus,this paper focuses on the trade-off between these costs. This paper discusses the optimal number of repair shops the motor manufacturer should arrange when it recalls defective vehicles.Supposing that the manufacturers repair nearly all of the automotives in the recall period,the sojourn time and the repair time both are exponentially distributed,the repairers will automatically adjust the service rate according to the number of return automotive in the system.The optimal number of agent repair shops the motor manufacturer should arrange is modeled as the decision variable.A cost control analysis framework is developed based on finite source queuing theory.The optimal number of repair shops is determined using the search algorithm,such that makes the expected total costs minimizing. Being consistent with Tianjin FAW Toyota Motor Co.’s the RAV4 vehicle recall notice,our numerical analyzing involves only the data of recalled vehicles from Shanghai in order to eliminate the distortion resulted from the policy of "repaired nearby".Then,we get the optimal recall costs and the optimal number of repairer.Furthermore,we analyze the impact of sojourn time on our optimal solutions.Finally,we compare the optimal solutions from our numerical analyze with the actual number of repairers in shanghai,and improve our model. In all,product recall requires subtle analysis and optimization,the optimal number of repair shops is determined using the search algorithm and finite source queuing model,such that makes the expected total costs minimizing.