古典诗歌意象艺术的若干思考

中国古典诗歌艺术本质上是一种意象经营的艺术,包含着意象思维、意象语言和意象结构三个层面的问题。意象思维的功能在于生成审美意象,它立足于诗人由实际生活中所获取并积淀下来的情意体验,通过"运意成象"和"观物取象"的运作方式,将其转化为诗人的"意中之象"。意象语言的运用为使这一"意中之象"落实于由语言符号承载的诗歌意象,其关键乃在将语言的概念符号性能改造成意象符号,而利用词语之间的张力以发挥语言的暗示与联想作用,是实现这一改造任务的重要途径。至于意象结构的职能则在于组合意象以结撰文本,让诗歌作品形成能体现诗人内在情意结构的有机的意象系统,于是"意核"的设置与"意脉"的连通,便构成其刻意经营的焦点。总体上说,意象艺术三个层面的活动是紧密联系、不可分割的,其共同的结晶便呈现为由"意-象-言"合成的诗歌文本。

Some Thoughts on the Imagery Art of Chinese Classic Poetry

The art of Chinese classic poetry is essentially an art of image management,which contains three aspects:image thinking,image language and image structure.The function of image thinking is to generate aesthetic image,which bases upon the emotional deposit of the poet,who uses the methods of ’transferring sensations to image’ and ’extracting image while observing scenery’ to transform his life experience to ’the image in sensations’.In order to put ’the image in sensations’ into effect in the language loaded poetic image,we must know the key point is to transform language from conceptual symbol to imagery symbol,and the channel of such transformation is to use the tension among words to exert the allusive and imaginative function of language.As for the function of image structure,it is to make images assembled for getting a consecutive narrative and let the poem become an organic image system that could embody a poet’s internal sensational structure.Hence the focus of the poet’s attention will lie in the connection of ’the core of imagery system’ and ’the trace of poetic thinking’.In a word,three aspects of the imagery art of Classic Poetry are an indivisible whole,and their mutual quintessence take on a new look in the composed poetic context of ’sensation,image and symbol’.