Variations in carambola infestation rates byBactrocera carambolae drew and hancock (Diptera: Tephritidae) with fruit availability in a carambola orchard |
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Authors: | T H Chua and S G Khoo |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Zoology, Universiti Malaya, 59100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;(2) Present address: Forest Research Institute of Malaysia, Kepong, 52109 Kuala, Lumpur |
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Abstract: | The relationship between the infestation rate of carambola fruits byBactrocera carambolae Drew and Hancock was investigated in a carambola orchard. Phenology of the fruits was found to influence percentage infestation
of fruits byB. carambolae. The proportion of unbagged or susceptible fruits infested varied with time of year and tended to decrease with the increase
of unbagged fruits available on the tree. The number of ovipunctures per fruit varied with fruit size and was also found to
be indicative of the number of adult insects (B. carambolae and parasitoids) that will emerge from each fruit. Higher number of susceptible fruits available on each tree also decreased
both the number of ovipunctures per fruit and the number of eggs laid per fruit, which could possibly be due to the strategy
of spreading the risk adopted by the femaleB. carambolae or a result of random selection with more hosts available. The main parasitoids recorded wereBiosteres vandenboschi (Fullaway) andB. arisanus (Sonan). The mean percentage of parasitism was 38.3% and it followed roughly that of infestation of fruits. |
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Keywords: | Phenology carambola Bactrocera carambolae Malaysia |
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